Five Year Plans of India
Nov 2022|🟡Review|8 min read|85 entries
Key Takeaway
The notion of economic planning in India was inherited fromRussia (then USSR), andJoseph Stalin was the first person in the world to adopt the Five Year Plan in 1928.
Five Year Plans of India
The notion of economic planning in India was inherited fromRussia (then USSR), andJoseph Stalin was the first person in the world to adopt the Five Year Plan in 1928. Until recently, India has had12 five-year plans.
In1951, the first five-year planwas implemented. The drafting of new five-year plans was halted in 2017 by the NDA government. The 12th Five-Year Plan was India's final five-year plan.
Five-year plans are a recurring feature of allKerala PSCexaminations. As a result, we attempted to incorporate all of the points from the various previous year question papers.
List of all Five Year Plans of India
Table of ContentsHistoryFirst Five Year PlanSecond Five Year PlanThird Five Year PlanPlan HolidaysFourth Five Year PlanFifth Five Year PlanRolling PlanSixth Five Year PlanSeventh Five Year PlanAnnual PlansEighth Five Year PlanNinth Five Year PlanTenth Five Year PlanEleventh Five Year PlanTwelfth Five Year Plan
History Behind the Five Year Plan
Long before Independence, the Indian National Congress recognized the need of planning for the growth of a new embryonic nation. It resulted in the establishment of theNational Planning Committee in 1938.
In1944,a group of industrialists joined together and prepared a unified proposal for establishing a planned economy in India. It is commonly referred to as theBombay Plan.
Subsequently, theGandhian Plan in 1944, the Peoples Plan in 1945 (by the Postwar Reconstruction Committee of the Indian Trade Union), and the Sarvodaya Plan by Jaiprakash Narayan in 1950were all steps in this direction.
First Five Year Plan(5)
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Duration | 1951-1956 |
| Based on | Harrod–Domar modelwith modifications |
| Came into effect on | April 1, 1951 |
| The architect of the Preamble of the First Five-Year Plan | Dr. K.N. Raj(Kakkadan Nandanath Raj) |
| Focus | Agriculture, Irrigation & Electrification |
Duration
1951-1956
Based on
Harrod–Domar modelwith modifications
Came into effect on
April 1, 1951
The architect of the Preamble of the First Five-Year Plan
Dr. K.N. Raj(Kakkadan Nandanath Raj)
Focus
Agriculture, Irrigation & Electrification
- Launched–(2)
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Major Irrigation Schemes | Hirakud, Damodarwali & Bhakra Nangal |
| Success rate | ⬆3.6 % GDP growth (> 2.1% target) |
Major Irrigation Schemes
Hirakud, Damodarwali & Bhakra Nangal
Success rate
⬆3.6 % GDP growth (> 2.1% target)
Second Five Year Plan(8)
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Duration | 1956 -1961 |
| Based on | P.C. Mahalanobis Model /Â Nehru-Mahalanobis model |
| Focus | Industry, Transport, Health & Reduction of Unemployment |
| Launched on | October 2, 1959 |
| First Launched in | Nagour (Rajasthan) |
| The Panchayat Raj system was introduced under the recommendation of | Belwant Rai Mehta Committee |
| Launched | Rourkela, Bhilai & Durgapur Steel Plants |
| Success rate | ⬇4.27 % growth (< 4.5% target) |
Duration
1956 -1961
Based on
P.C. Mahalanobis Model /Â Nehru-Mahalanobis model
Focus
Industry, Transport, Health & Reduction of Unemployment
Launched on
October 2, 1959
First Launched in
Nagour (Rajasthan)
The Panchayat Raj system was introduced under the recommendation of
Belwant Rai Mehta Committee
Launched
Rourkela, Bhilai & Durgapur Steel Plants
Success rate
⬇4.27 % growth (< 4.5% target)
Third Five Year Plan(70)
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Duration | 1961 - 1966 |
| Based on | John Sandy and Sukhamoy Chakraborty's model |
| Focus Areas | Self-sufficiency of the economy, Food grain production especially wheat |
| Launched | Bokaro Steel PlantState Electricity BoardState Secondary Education Board |
| Success rate | ⬇2.8 % growth (< 5.8% target) |
| Plan Holidays (Three Annual Plans)Plan Holiday | thethree-year period from1966 to 1969 |
| Prime Minister of India at the time of the announcement of the Plan Holiday | Indira Gandhi* |
| Duration | 1969 - 1974 |
| Focus | Sustainable growth and self-sufficiencyBased on– Gadgil'smodel of strategic growth with stabilityUnder the leadership ofIndira Gandhi |
| Launched | Green Revolution |
| Operation Flood (1970)Launched by | National Dairy Development Board.To increase Milk Production |
| Success rate | ⬇3.4 % growth (< 5.7% target) |
| Fifth Five Year PlanDuration | 1974 - 1979 |
| The draft of Fifth Five Year Plan was prepared and launched by | D.P. Dhar |
| Focus | Poverty alleviation (Garibi Hatao), Employment, Justice, and self-sufficiencyIndira Gandhi 's slogan' Garibi Hatao. 'Set up–the Twenty-point Programme (1975) |
| Minimum Needs Programme (MNP)Prepared by | D.P. Dhar |
| Aim | to provide basic minimum needs |
| Success rate | ⬆4.9% growth (> 4.4% target) |
| Duration | 1978 -1980 |
| The concept of the Rolling plan was put forward by | Prof. Gunner Myrdal |
| This plan was for a fixed number of years | 3,4 or 5 |
| Perspective plan for long terms | 10, 15, or 20 years |
| Sixth Five Year PlanDuration | 1980-1985 |
| Focus | Increase national income, modernize existing technology and eradicate poverty |
| Under the leadership of | Indira Gandhi |
| Based on | Yojna investment, infrastructure changes, and a growth model trend |
| Launched | NABARD(National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development)Founded on:July 12, 1982 |
| Success rate | ⬆5.4% growth (> 5.2% target) |
| Seventh Five Year PlanDuration | 1985-1990 |
| Focus | Job creation, increase in food grain production, modernization, self-sufficiency, social justice |
| Under the leadership of | Rajiv Gandhi |
| The technical adviser to the Prime Minister at the time of the communication revolution in India | Sam Pitroda* |
| Launched | Jawahar Rozgar YojanaLaunched on – April 1, 1989 |
| Aim | to provide paid jobs for the rural poor.by merging National Rural Employment Program (NREP) and Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP) |
| Success rate | ⬆5.6% growth (> 5.0% target) |
| Annual PlansDuration | 1990-91 &1991-92 |
| Finance Minister | Dr. Manmohan Singh |
| Eighth Five Year PlanDuration | 1992-1997 |
| Focus | Human Development and modernization of industries |
| Under the leadership of | P.V. Narasimha Rao |
| Based on | Rao-Manmohan Modelof Economy |
| Launched | Pradhan Mantri Rosgar Yojana (PMRY)Aim – to provide self-employment opportunities to educated youths who are unemployed |
| Success rate | ⬆6.6% growth (> 5.6% target) |
| Ninth Five Year PlanDuration | 1997- 2002 |
| Focus | Housing assistance for the poor, nutrition for children, access to clean water, enhancement of primary health care facilities, universalization of primary education, and connecting villages with the mainstreamUnder the leadership of– Atal Bihari Vajpayee |
| Launched | Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (2001)Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana (2003) |
| Success rate | 5.6%⬇growth (< 6.5% target) |
| Tenth Five Year PlanDuration | 2002- 2007 |
| Under the leadership of | Atal Bihari Vajpayee & Dr. Manmohan Singh |
| Focus | Reduce gender discrimination in education and wages, reduce maternal and child mortality, improve literacy, increasing foreign investment, provide clean drinking water for all by 2009 and modernize water resources |
| Aim | to reduce the poverty rate to 15% by 2012.to double India's per capita income in the next ten years |
| Launched | National Rural Health Mission,National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme |
| Success rate | ⬇7.6%growth (< 8.0% target) |
| Eleventh Five Year PlanDuration | 2007- 2012 |
| Focus | Rapid and Inclusive growthUnder the leadership of– Dr |
| Priority for the sustainability of food items and environmentLaunched | National Rural Livelihood Mission,Success rate–⬇8%growth (< 9% target) |
| Twelfth Five Year PlanDuration | 2012- 2017 |
| Focus | Faster, More Inclusive, and Sustainable Growth |
| Under the leadership of | Manmohan Singh.To strengthen infrastructure projects, and provide electricity supply in all villages |
| Aadhaar Scheme, Aam Aadmi Bima YojanaSuccess rate | ⬇8%growth (< 9% target) |
| Also Refer:Previous Year PSC Questions on Five Year Plans of Indiađź“ťSideNotes:Name the famous book written by Gunnar Myrdal | Asian drama |
| The first country in the world to start a Rolling Plan | Pakistan |
| The first state in India to implement the Panchayatraj System | Rajasthan |
| Father of Indian Budget | P.C |
| Father of Green Revolution in India | M.S. Swaminathan |
| Father of India's IT revolution | Sam Pitroda |
| Father ofNew Economic Policy (NEP)of India 1991 | Manmohan Singh.NEP was introduced on – July 24, 1991 |
| The Banking Regulation Act was passed in the year | 1949 |
| The National Development Council was formed in | 1952 |
| The chairman of the National Development Council was | the Prime Minister* |
Duration
1961 - 1966
Based on
John Sandy and Sukhamoy Chakraborty's model
Focus Areas
Self-sufficiency of the economy, Food grain production especially wheat
Launched
Bokaro Steel PlantState Electricity BoardState Secondary Education Board
Success rate
⬇2.8 % growth (< 5.8% target)
Plan Holidays (Three Annual Plans)Plan Holiday
thethree-year period from1966 to 1969
Prime Minister of India at the time of the announcement of the Plan Holiday*
Indira Gandhi
Duration
1969 - 1974
Focus
Sustainable growth and self-sufficiencyBased on– Gadgil'smodel of strategic growth with stabilityUnder the leadership ofIndira Gandhi
Launched
Green Revolution
Operation Flood (1970)Launched by
National Dairy Development Board.To increase Milk Production
Success rate
⬇3.4 % growth (< 5.7% target)
Fifth Five Year PlanDuration
1974 - 1979
The draft of Fifth Five Year Plan was prepared and launched by
D.P. Dhar
Focus
Poverty alleviation (Garibi Hatao), Employment, Justice, and self-sufficiencyIndira Gandhi 's slogan' Garibi Hatao. 'Set up–the Twenty-point Programme (1975)
Minimum Needs Programme (MNP)Prepared by
D.P. Dhar
Aim
to provide basic minimum needs
Success rate
⬆4.9% growth (> 4.4% target)
Duration
1978 -1980
The concept of the Rolling plan was put forward by
Prof. Gunner Myrdal
This plan was for a fixed number of years
3,4 or 5
Perspective plan for long terms
10, 15, or 20 years
Sixth Five Year PlanDuration
1980-1985
Focus
Increase national income, modernize existing technology and eradicate poverty
Under the leadership of
Indira Gandhi
Based on
Yojna investment, infrastructure changes, and a growth model trend
Launched
NABARD(National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development)Founded on:July 12, 1982
Success rate
⬆5.4% growth (> 5.2% target)
Seventh Five Year PlanDuration
1985-1990
Focus
Job creation, increase in food grain production, modernization, self-sufficiency, social justice
Under the leadership of
Rajiv Gandhi
The technical adviser to the Prime Minister at the time of the communication revolution in India*
Sam Pitroda
Launched
Jawahar Rozgar YojanaLaunched on – April 1, 1989
Aim
to provide paid jobs for the rural poor.by merging National Rural Employment Program (NREP) and Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP)
Success rate
⬆5.6% growth (> 5.0% target)
Annual PlansDuration
1990-91 &1991-92
Finance Minister
Dr. Manmohan Singh
Eighth Five Year PlanDuration
1992-1997
Focus
Human Development and modernization of industries
Under the leadership of
P.V. Narasimha Rao
Based on
Rao-Manmohan Modelof Economy
Launched
Pradhan Mantri Rosgar Yojana (PMRY)Aim – to provide self-employment opportunities to educated youths who are unemployed
Success rate
⬆6.6% growth (> 5.6% target)
Ninth Five Year PlanDuration
1997- 2002
Focus
Housing assistance for the poor, nutrition for children, access to clean water, enhancement of primary health care facilities, universalization of primary education, and connecting villages with the mainstreamUnder the leadership of– Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Launched
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (2001)Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana (2003)
Success rate
5.6%⬇growth (< 6.5% target)
Tenth Five Year PlanDuration
2002- 2007
Under the leadership of
Atal Bihari Vajpayee & Dr. Manmohan Singh
Focus
Reduce gender discrimination in education and wages, reduce maternal and child mortality, improve literacy, increasing foreign investment, provide clean drinking water for all by 2009 and modernize water resources
Aim
to reduce the poverty rate to 15% by 2012.to double India's per capita income in the next ten years
Launched
National Rural Health Mission,National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme
Success rate
⬇7.6%growth (< 8.0% target)
Eleventh Five Year PlanDuration
2007- 2012
Focus
Rapid and Inclusive growthUnder the leadership of– Dr
Priority for the sustainability of food items and environmentLaunched
National Rural Livelihood Mission,Success rate–⬇8%growth (< 9% target)
Twelfth Five Year PlanDuration
2012- 2017
Focus
Faster, More Inclusive, and Sustainable Growth
Under the leadership of
Manmohan Singh.To strengthen infrastructure projects, and provide electricity supply in all villages
Aadhaar Scheme, Aam Aadmi Bima YojanaSuccess rate
⬇8%growth (< 9% target)
Also Refer:Previous Year PSC Questions on Five Year Plans of Indiađź“ťSideNotes:Name the famous book written by Gunnar Myrdal
Asian drama
The first country in the world to start a Rolling Plan
Pakistan
The first state in India to implement the Panchayatraj System
Rajasthan
Father of Indian Budget
P.C
Father of Green Revolution in India
M.S. Swaminathan
Father of India's IT revolution
Sam Pitroda
Father ofNew Economic Policy (NEP)of India 1991
Manmohan Singh.NEP was introduced on – July 24, 1991
The Banking Regulation Act was passed in the year
1949
The National Development Council was formed in
1952
The chairman of the National Development Council was*
the Prime Minister
* Time-sensitive data — verify for latest information
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