Bharathapuzha | PSC Notes
Mar 2021|🟢Current|4 min read|41 entries
Key Takeaway
Bharathapuzha is thesecond longest river system in Keralathat flows through 3 districts namelyPalakkad, Malappuram and Thrissur.
Bharathapuzha | PSC Notes
Bharathapuzha is thesecond longest river system in Keralathat flows through 3 districts namelyPalakkad, Malappuram and Thrissur. It originates from Tamilnadu and flows towards Kerala through Coimbatore. Across the Bharathappuzha, we can find the maximum no of irrigation projects.
Bharathapuzha was once a perennial river, but nowadays it dries up in the months of summer heat. References of Bharathapuzha can also be found in the William Logan's Malabar Manual.
Basic Facts(34)
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Epithets | Nile of Kerala, Ganga of Kerala & Nila |
| Origin | Thirumurthy Hills of Anamalai(Western Ghats near Pollachi in Tamil Nadu) |
| Mouth | Lakshadweep Sea(Arabian Sea) |
| Port at the mouth of Bharathappuzha | Ponnani |
| Major Dams | Chulliyar Dam, Meenkara Dam, Valayar Dam, Pothundi Dam |
| Biggest dam built in Bharathappuzha | Malampuzha(1956) |
| Longest bridge | Mayyannur Bridge(1.25 Km) |
| Famous Pilgrim Centers | Thirunavaya Temple, Thiruvalathur Randu Moorthy Temple |
| Chittur | Sokanasini(name given byThunjath Ezhuthachan) |
| Coimbatore | Amaravathipuzha |
| Malappuram | Ponnanipuzha |
| Palakkad | Chitturpuzha |
| Major Tributaries of BharathapuzhaThere are four main tributaries of Bharatapuzha. There are as follows:Gayathri Puzha | Tributaries– Mangalampuzha, Cherukunnapuzha, Ayiloorpuzha, Chulliyar, Meenkarapuzha &Vandazhipuzha |
| Kalpathi Puzha | Tributaries– Korayar, Malampuzha, Varattar & Walayar |
| Tributaries | Aliyar, Palar & Uppar |
| Tributaries | Ambankadavu, Kunthipuzha, Kanjirapuzha & ThooppanaduPuzha |
| Kunthi Puzha | Location – Mannarkkad Taluk(Palakkad) |
| Tributaries | Karingathodu, Valiaparathodu, Madrimaranthodu, Kunthancholapuzha & Kummaathanthodu |
| Some of the ritualistic folk, arts, and craft forms were developed along the banks of Nila are as follows:MamankamCelebrated once in 12 yearsLocation | Thirunavaya, Malappuram |
| Derived from'Maagha | makam.'Lasts 28 days from the appearance of the Makam star in the 'bright' phase of the moon (the fortnight when the moon waxes) in the Saka calendar month of Maagha |
| First Mamankam | AD 829 |
| Last Mamankam | AD 1755.To break the celebration of Mamankam, Chavers was sent by the Valluvakonathiri |
| Established in | 1930 |
| Location | Cheruthuruthy, Thrissur |
| Established by | Vallathol Narayana Menon |
| Olappamanna Mana, Vellinezhi | Kalluvazhi chitta(a school of Kathakali formulated by Pattikkamthodi Ravunni Menon) |
| Koonathara, Palakkad | Tholpavakoothu(Shadow puppetry ritual dedicated to Bhadrakali and performed in specially built theatres called koothumadams) |
| Thirunnavaya Temple | Pithru Tharpanam ritual of the Karkidaka Vavu day |
| Construction began in | March 1949 |
| Inaugurated | 1955 |
| The architect of the statue Malampuzha Yakshi | Kanayi Kunhiraman |
| Mini Pampa Plan(Malappuram)Location | Kuttipuram |
| Meenvallam Project(Palakkad)Location | Munnekar, Karimba Panchayat |
| Recently, the Ministry of Tourism organized a webinar | ‘Exploring River Nila’ as a part of the Dekho Apna Desh Webinar series |
Epithets
Nile of Kerala, Ganga of Kerala & Nila
Origin
Thirumurthy Hills of Anamalai(Western Ghats near Pollachi in Tamil Nadu)
Mouth
Lakshadweep Sea(Arabian Sea)
Port at the mouth of Bharathappuzha
Ponnani
Major Dams
Chulliyar Dam, Meenkara Dam, Valayar Dam, Pothundi Dam
Biggest dam built in Bharathappuzha
Malampuzha(1956)
Longest bridge
Mayyannur Bridge(1.25 Km)
Famous Pilgrim Centers
Thirunavaya Temple, Thiruvalathur Randu Moorthy Temple
Chittur
Sokanasini(name given byThunjath Ezhuthachan)
Coimbatore
Amaravathipuzha
Malappuram
Ponnanipuzha
Palakkad
Chitturpuzha
Major Tributaries of BharathapuzhaThere are four main tributaries of Bharatapuzha. There are as follows:Gayathri Puzha
Tributaries– Mangalampuzha, Cherukunnapuzha, Ayiloorpuzha, Chulliyar, Meenkarapuzha &Vandazhipuzha
Kalpathi Puzha
Tributaries– Korayar, Malampuzha, Varattar & Walayar
Tributaries
Aliyar, Palar & Uppar
Tributaries
Ambankadavu, Kunthipuzha, Kanjirapuzha & ThooppanaduPuzha
Kunthi Puzha
Location – Mannarkkad Taluk(Palakkad)
Tributaries
Karingathodu, Valiaparathodu, Madrimaranthodu, Kunthancholapuzha & Kummaathanthodu
Some of the ritualistic folk, arts, and craft forms were developed along the banks of Nila are as follows:MamankamCelebrated once in 12 yearsLocation
Thirunavaya, Malappuram
Derived from'Maagha
makam.'Lasts 28 days from the appearance of the Makam star in the 'bright' phase of the moon (the fortnight when the moon waxes) in the Saka calendar month of Maagha
First Mamankam
AD 829
Last Mamankam
AD 1755.To break the celebration of Mamankam, Chavers was sent by the Valluvakonathiri
Established in
1930
Location
Cheruthuruthy, Thrissur
Established by
Vallathol Narayana Menon
Olappamanna Mana, Vellinezhi
Kalluvazhi chitta(a school of Kathakali formulated by Pattikkamthodi Ravunni Menon)
Koonathara, Palakkad
Tholpavakoothu(Shadow puppetry ritual dedicated to Bhadrakali and performed in specially built theatres called koothumadams)
Thirunnavaya Temple
Pithru Tharpanam ritual of the Karkidaka Vavu day
Construction began in
March 1949
Inaugurated
1955
The architect of the statue Malampuzha Yakshi
Kanayi Kunhiraman
Mini Pampa Plan(Malappuram)Location
Kuttipuram
Meenvallam Project(Palakkad)Location
Munnekar, Karimba Panchayat
Recently, the Ministry of Tourism organized a webinar
‘Exploring River Nila’ as a part of the Dekho Apna Desh Webinar series
📝SideNotes(7)
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Gateway to Kerala | Palakkad |
| Garden of Kerala | Malampuzha |
| Vrindavanof Kerala | Malampuzha |
| First Rock Garden of South India | Malampuzha |
| Largest Dam in Kerala | Idukki |
| Largest Irrigation project in Kerala | Kallada(Kollam).O.V. Vijayan's Novel withThutha Puzha as background–Gurusagaram(ഗുരുസാഗരം) |
| Poet of Nila(നിളയുടെകവി) | P. Kunjiraman Nair.P. Kunjiraman Nair is lamenting the condition of Nila– "Alas! Valiant Kerala is unrecognizable today. The veritable, lovely garden has been turned into a scary cemetery!"Novelist of Nila(നിളയുടെ കഥാകാരൻ)–M. T. Vasudevan Nair.M.T. on Nila–"More than the great oceans that bear unknown secrets in their wombs, I love my Nila."Edasseri Govindan Nair's poem where he laments the death of the river– Kuttippuram Palam."Amba Perare nee maari pomo aakulayamorazhukku chaalai"InArkkam(by Attoor Ravi Varma)also mentions Bharathapuzha as Perar |
Gateway to Kerala
Palakkad
Garden of Kerala
Malampuzha
Vrindavanof Kerala
Malampuzha
First Rock Garden of South India
Malampuzha
Largest Dam in Kerala
Idukki
Largest Irrigation project in Kerala
Kallada(Kollam).O.V. Vijayan's Novel withThutha Puzha as background–Gurusagaram(ഗുരുസാഗരം)
Poet of Nila(നിളയുടെകവി)
P. Kunjiraman Nair.P. Kunjiraman Nair is lamenting the condition of Nila– "Alas! Valiant Kerala is unrecognizable today. The veritable, lovely garden has been turned into a scary cemetery!"Novelist of Nila(നിളയുടെ കഥാകാരൻ)–M. T. Vasudevan Nair.M.T. on Nila–"More than the great oceans that bear unknown secrets in their wombs, I love my Nila."Edasseri Govindan Nair's poem where he laments the death of the river– Kuttippuram Palam."Amba Perare nee maari pomo aakulayamorazhukku chaalai"InArkkam(by Attoor Ravi Varma)also mentions Bharathapuzha as Perar
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