Ayyankali: A Detailed Study for PSC

Jul 2020|๐ŸŸขCurrent|9 min read|41 entries

Key Takeaway

yyankali was one of the early social reformers of the Kerala Renaissance Movement.

Last verified: 12 Feb 2026ยทSource: www.pscarivukal.com

Ayyankali

(1863-1941)

A(41)

Basic FactsBirth
28 August 1863(เดšเดฟเด™เตเด™เด‚14, 1039),Venganoor(Kottukal Village,
Family
Peringattuvilla, Plavathara Veedu
Parents
Ayyan & Maala(เดชเต†เดฐเตเด™เตเด•เดพเดŸเตเดŸเตเดตเดฟเดณ เด…เดฏเตเดฏเตป
Wife
K. Chellamma(เด•เต†. เดšเต†เดฒเตเดฒเดฎเตเดฎ, 1888)
Childhood Name
Kali
Epithets
Kerala Spartacus,Urupillai & Moothapullai,Flamed fire(เด†เดณเดฟเด•เตเด•เดคเตเดคเดฟเดฏ เดคเต€เดชเตเดชเตŠเดฐเดฟ)Father of Modern Dalit(เด†เดงเตเดจเดฟเด• เดฆเดณเดฟเดคเดฐเตเดŸเต† เดชเดฟเดคเดพเดตเต)Great Son of India(เด‡เดจเตเดคเตเดฏเดฏเตเดŸเต† เดฎเดนเดพเดจเดพเดฏ เดชเตเดคเตเดฐเตป)โ€“ by Indira Gandhi,Pulaya Raja(เดชเตเดฒเดฏเดฐเดพเดœ)& Untiring Warriorโ€“by Gandhiji,เดจเดฟเดฐเด•เตเดทเดฐเดจเดพเดฏ เดธเดพเดฎเต‚เดนเดฟเด• เดชเดฐเดฟเดทเตเด•เตผเดคเตเดคเดพเดตเต,เด…เดงเดƒเดธเตเดฅเดฟเดคเดฐเตเดŸเต† เดชเดŸเดคเตเดคเดฒเดตเตป,Master(เดฏเดœเดฎเดพเดจเตป),"The most important Dalit leader of modern Kerala" โ€“ Historian P
Sanal MohanMahatma."First Communist in India"(เด‡เดจเตเดคเตเดฏเดฏเดฟเดฒเต† เด†เดฆเตเดฏ เด•เดฎเตเดฏเต‚เดฃเดฟเดธเตเดฑเตเดฑเตเด•เดพเดฐเตป)
E.K. Nayanar
Founder
Sadhu Jana Paripalana Sangham(1907), Pulaya Sabha(1938)
Revolts
Villuvandi Samaram(1893),Aralumoodu Lahala(1898),Chaliyor Riots(1898),Nedumangad Chantha revolt(1912),Kallumala agitation/Perinadu Lahala(1915),Ooruttambalam Lahala / Pulaya Lahala / Thonnooramandu Samaram(1915)
Famous quotes
"I am installing Pulaya Sivan"("เดžเดพเดจเดฟเดคเดพ เดชเตเดฒเดฏ เดถเดฟเดตเดจเต†
เดตเดณเดฐเตเด‚),"เดตเดฟเดฆเตเดฏเดฏเดฟเดฒเต‚เดŸเต† เด”เดจเตเดจเดฟเดคเตเดฏเด‚ เดจเต‡เดŸเตเด•."Death
18 June 1941
Sadhu Jana Paripalana Sangam (SJPS)Founded
1907*Renamed asPulaya Mahasabhain โ€“ 1938
Journal
Sadhujana Paripalini(เดธเดพเดงเตเดœเดจ
Published from
Sudarsana Press, Changanacherry
First Editor
Chempamthara Kalichothi
Other Important Leaders
Gopaladasan, Kurumban Daivathan,
Demands of SJPS
Reduce the number of working hours from 7 days a week to 6 days a
But the accusedย  Dalit men couldn't afford the legal fees. So upon the request of T.M. Varghese, a congress leader,E.J. John aka John Vakeelagreed to represent them.As a result,John Vakeel won the case asthe court's verdict was in favor of the Dalits and all the accused were acquitted and some of the upper class men were punished.In lieu of this, to show their gratitude the pulaya community built a pond forElenjikalJohn Vakeel which later came to known as 'Kamman Kulam.'Famous Meetings1912
Met Sree Narayana Guru at Balaramapuram.1937 โ€“ Met Mahatma Gandhi at Venganoor on January 14.'เดคเดจเตเดฑเต† เดธเดฎเตเดฆเดพเดฏเดคเตเดคเดฟเดฒเตโ€เดชเต†เดŸเตเดŸ เดชเดคเตเดคเต เดฌเดฟเดŽเด•เตเด•เดพเดฐเต† เด•เดฃเตเดŸเดฟเดŸเตเดŸเตเดตเต‡เดฃเด‚ เดฎเดฐเดฟเดฏเตเด•เตเด•เดพเดจเตโ€...'โ€“ย Ayyankali's words to Gandhiji
Travancore king who give permission for lower caste children to study at Govt schools
Sree Moolam Thirunal(1914)
Other efforts by Ayyankali on the education front are as follows:1916
Theeyankara Pulaya School.1919 โ€“ Shankhumukham School for Christian converts.1936 โ€“Venganoor Puduval School
First Harijan member nominated to Sreemoolam Praja Sabha.1911
Ayyankali become a member of Sreemoolam Praja
Sabha.1912
Delivered First speech in SMPA on 7th February
Works on Ayyankali"Ayyankali: Adhasthidharude Padathalavan"(Biography)
T. H. P. Chentharassery(Malayalam,
"Ayyankali A Dalit Leader Of Organic Protest"
M. Nisar &
Meena Kandasamy."เดชเดพเด เดฎเดฟเดฒเตเดฒเต†เด™เตเด•เดฟเดฒเตโ€ เดชเดพเดŸเดคเตเดคเต‡เด•เตเด•เดฟเดฒเตเดฒ"
เดธเตเดฎเดฟเดค เดจเดฐเดตเดŸเตเดŸเดคเตเดคเต."Mahatma Ayyankali"(Film)โ€“ Sooriya Deva(Director, 2013)
Institutes, Schemes, Statues & MemorialsAyyankali Memorial
Panjajanyam, Chitrakoodam(Venganoor)
Statue of Ayyankali
Kowdiar square(Vellayambalam, Trivandrum,1980)
Architect
Ezra David
Unveiled by
Indira Gandhi
Central University of Kerala, Kasargod
sets up a chair in the
Headquarters of SC\ST Development Corporation
Ayyankali
Ayyankali Urban Employment Guarantee Scheme(AUEGS)
Launched in โ€“ 2010
Implemented by
Directorate of Urban Affairs, Government of
Aim
to enhance the livelihood security of people in urban areas
work.150th Jayanti
2013
Don't Forget to Check Out Our Post
Previous Year Repeated PSC Questions on "Ayyankali"๐Ÿ“SideNotes:Ayyankali of Kochi โ€“ Kolote P. Vallon
Ayyankali Jayanthi
August 28(Regional Holiday)
First Agricultural Magazine in Kerala
Krishikkaran(1909)
Second Agricultural Magazine in Kerala
Kerala Karshakan(1955)
Indian Prime Minister who participated in the 152nd birthday celebrations of Ayyankali*
Narendra Modi(2015)
Founder ofย Samastha Thiruvithamkoor Pulayar Mahasabha
T.T. Kesavan Shastri.* The year in which SJPS was formed is unclear. Some sources say it was in 1904 while others say it was in 1907. So in this post, we list it as 1907 which is provided as the answer for almost all the previous questions by PSC

* Time-sensitive data โ€” verify for latest information